Artikel Conditional Sentences

Conditional sentence adalah kalimat pengandaian yang mengandaikan suatu keinginan, harapan, rencana dan lain-lain yang :

· Masih bisa terjadi (possible)

· Tak terpenuhi / angan-angan (unreal /probable) dan

· Tidak terwujud (imposible)

Bentuk :

Ada tiga conditional sentence yaitu :

· Tipe I : Future conditional yang menyatakan suatu keinginan, harapan, ataupun rencana yang masih BISA TERJADI / when we are thinking about possibilities.

Rumus

IF + S + V1, S + will +V1

Example :

If I pass the exam I will continue to university

Faktanya :

Maybe I pass the exam, if I study hard.

Saya mungkin sekali lulus ujian kalau saya belajar keras.

· Type II : Present conditional, yang menyatakan suatu keinginan, harapan ataupun rencana yang tak terpenuhi / angan-angan ( unreal) or when we imagine a situation.

Rumus

IF + S + V2, S + would + V1

Example :

If I passed the exam, I would continue to university

Faktanya:

I do not pass the exam now.

Saya tidak lulus ujian sekarang jadi saya tidak melanjutkan ke universitas.

Note:

In type II “were “ is used for all subjects

Example :

If I were you, I would continue to university ( but I am not you).

Type II berlawanan dengan fakta sekarang.

· Type III : Past conditional yang menyatakan suatu keinginan, harapan atau rencana yang tidak terwujud ( imposible) or when we imagine a situation based on the facts in the past.

Rumus

IF + S + had + V3, S + would have + V3

Example:

If I had passed the exam, I would have continued to university

Fakta:

I did not pass the exam then.

(saya tidak lulus saat itu, jadi saya tidak melanjutkan ke universitas)

Note:

Untuk tipe III sering berbentuk inversion (pembalikan posisi).

Subjek 2 kata kerjanya serta tidak menggunakan IF.

Contoh:

Had I passed the exam, I would have continued to university.

PATTERN:

Type I

IF + S + V1, S + will + V1

Type II

IF + S + V2, S + would + V1

Type III

IF + S + had + V3, S + would have + V3

Contoh soal Conditional Sentences

Type 1 :

1. If you send this letter now, she will receive it tomorrow.
2. If I do this test, I will improve my English.
3. If I find your ring, I will give it back to you.
4. Peggy will go shopping if she has time in the afternoon.
5. Simon will go to London next week if he gets a cheap flight.
6. If her boyfriend does not phone today, she will leave him.
7. If they do not study harder, they will not pass the exam.
8. If it rains tomorrow, I will not have to water the plants.
9. You will not be able to sleep if you watch this scary film.
10. Susan cannot move into the new house if it is not ready on time.

Type 2 :

1. If you had studied for the test, you would have passed it.
2. If you had asked me, I would have helped you.
3. If we had gone to the cinema, we would have seen my friend Jacob.
4. If you had spoken English, she would have understood.
5. If they had listened to me, we would have been home earlier.
6. I would have written you a postcard if I had had your address.
7. If I had not broken my leg, I would have taken part in the contest.
8. If it had not started to rain, we would have walked to the museum.
9. We would have swum in the sea if there had not been so many sharks there.
10. If she had taken the bus, she would not have arrived on time.

Type 3 :

1. If you had studied for the test, you would have passed it.
2. If you had asked me, I would have helped you.
3. If we had gone to the cinema, we would have seen my friend Jacob.
4. If you had spoken English, she would have understood.
5. If they had listened to me, we would have been home earlier.
6. I would have written you a postcard if I had had your address.
7. If I had not broken my leg, I would have taken part in the contest.
8. If it had not started to rain, we would have walked to the museum.
9. We would have swum in the sea if there had not been so many sharks there.
10. If she had taken the bus, she would not have arrived on time.